Nau'ukan Masu Haɗin Cajin EV Daban-daban
Akwai dalilai da yawa da za a yi la'akari da canzawa zuwa wanda ke aiki da wutar lantarki daga motar mai amfani da mai.Motocin lantarki sun fi natsuwa, suna da ƙarancin farashin aiki kuma suna samar da ƙarancin hayaki mai nisa da kyau.Ba duk motocin lantarki da plug-ins aka ƙirƙira su daidai ba, duk da haka.Mai haɗa cajin EV ko daidaitaccen nau'in filogi musamman ya bambanta a cikin juzu'i da ƙira.
Ta yaya zan san abin da plug-in motar lantarki ta ke amfani da shi?
Yayin da koyo na iya zama kamar mai yawa, abu ne mai sauqi da gaske.Duk motocin lantarki suna amfani da haɗin haɗin wanda shine ma'auni a kasuwannin su don cajin matakin 1 da matakin 2, Arewacin Amurka, Turai, China, Japan, da sauransu. ikon ma'aunin kasuwa.Hakanan ana iya amfani da tashoshin caji na Tesla Level 1 ko 2 ta motocin lantarki waɗanda ba Tesla ba, amma suna buƙatar amfani da adaftar da za'a iya siyan ta daga mai siyarwa na ɓangare na uku.Don cajin gaggawa na DC, Tesla yana da hanyar sadarwa ta tashoshin Supercharger waɗanda motocin Tesla kawai za su iya amfani da su, babu adaftan da zai yi aiki akan waɗannan tashoshi saboda akwai tsarin tantancewa.Motocin Nissan da Mitsubishi suna amfani da ma'aunin CHAdeMO na Japan, kuma kusan kowace motar lantarki tana amfani da ma'aunin cajin CCS.
Matsayin Arewacin Amurka Nau'in EV Plug
Nau'in 1 EV Connector
Nau'in 1 EV Socket
Matsayin Turai IEC62196-2 Nau'in 2 EV Connectors
Nau'in 2 EV Connector
Nau'in Mashigar Mashigar 2
Nau'in 2 masu haɗawa galibi ana kiran su 'Mennekes' haɗin gwiwa, bayan masana'anta na Jamus waɗanda suka ƙirƙira ƙirar.Suna da filogi na 7-pin. EU ta ba da shawarar masu haɗin nau'in 2 kuma wani lokaci ana kiran su ta daidaitattun IEC 62196-2.
Nau'in masu haɗa cajin EV a Turai suna kama da waɗanda ke Arewacin Amurka, amma akwai bambance-bambance.Na farko, daidaitaccen wutar lantarki na gida shine volts 230, kusan sau biyu fiye da yadda Arewacin Amurka ke amfani da shi.Babu "matakin 1" caji a Turai, saboda wannan dalili.Na biyu, maimakon mai haɗin J1772, mai haɗa nau'in IEC 62196 Nau'in 2, wanda aka fi sani da mennekes, shine ma'aunin da duk masana'antun ke amfani dashi banda Tesla a Turai.
Koyaya, kwanan nan Tesla ya canza Model 3 daga mai haɗin mallakar mallakarsa zuwa mai haɗa nau'in 2.Motocin Tesla Model S da Model X da aka sayar a Turai har yanzu suna amfani da na'urar haɗin Tesla, amma hasashe shine cewa suma za su canza daga ƙarshe zuwa mai haɗa nau'in 2 na Turai.
CCS Combo 1 Connector
CCS Combo 1 Socket Mai shiga
CCS Combo 2 Connector
CCS Combo 2 Socket Mai shiga
CCS tana nufin Haɗin Cajin Tsarin.
Tsarin Cajin Haɗaɗɗen (CCS) yana rufe caja Combo 1 (CCS1) da Combo 2 (CCS2).
Daga ƙarshen 2010s, ƙarni na gaba na caja sun haɗa caja Type1 / Nau'in 2 tare da kauri mai haɗa DC na yanzu don ƙirƙirar CCS 1 (Arewacin Amurka) da CCS 2.
Wannan haɗin haɗin haɗin yana nufin cewa motar tana daidaitawa ta yadda za ta iya ɗaukar cajin AC ta hanyar haɗin kai a cikin rabi na sama ko cajin DC ta hanyar haɗin haɗin haɗin 2. Misali, idan kuna da soket na CCS Combo 2 a cikin motar ku kuma kuna so. Cajin a gida akan AC, kawai kawai ka sanya nau'ikan nau'ikan ku na yau da kullun a cikin babba.Ƙasashen DC na mahaɗin ya kasance fanko.
A Turai, cajin DC cikin sauri daidai yake da na Arewacin Amurka, inda CCS shine ma'aunin da kusan duk masana'antun ke amfani da shi ban da Nissan, Mitsubishi.Tsarin CCS a Turai yana haɗa nau'in haɗin nau'in 2 tare da tow dc mai saurin caji mai sauri kamar mai haɗin J1772 a Arewacin Amurka, don haka yayin da ake kira CCS, haɗin haɗin ɗan ɗan bambanta.Model Tesla 3 yanzu yana amfani da haɗin CCS na Turai.
Jafan Standard CHAdeMO Connector & CHAdeMO Inlet Socket
Mai Haɗin CHAdeMO
CHAdeMO Socket
CHAdeMO: TEPCO na Japan ya haɓaka CHAdeMo.Ma'aunin Jafananci ne na hukuma kuma kusan dukkanin caja masu sauri na Jafananci DC suna amfani da mai haɗin CHAdeMO.Ya bambanta a Arewacin Amurka inda Nissan da Mitsubishi ne kawai masana'antun da ke sayar da motocin lantarki da ke amfani da haɗin CHAdeMO.Motocin lantarki guda ɗaya da ke amfani da nau'in haɗin cajin CHAdeMO EV sune Nissan LEAF da Mitsubishi Outlander PHEV.Kia ya bar CHAdeMO a cikin 2018 kuma yanzu yana ba da CCS.Masu haɗin CHAdeMO ba sa raba ɓangaren mai haɗawa tare da mashigin J1772, sabanin tsarin CCS, don haka suna buƙatar ƙarin mashigin ChadeMO akan mota Wannan yana buƙatar tashar caji mafi girma.
Tesla Supercharger EV Connector & Tesla EV Socket
Tesla: Tesla yana amfani da matakin 1 iri ɗaya, matakin 2 da masu haɗin caji mai sauri na DC.Mai haɗin Tesla ne na mallakar mallaka wanda ke karɓar duk ƙarfin lantarki, don haka kamar yadda sauran ƙa'idodi ke buƙata, babu buƙatar samun wani mai haɗawa musamman don cajin sauri na DC.Motocin Tesla ne kawai za su iya amfani da caja masu sauri na DC, wanda ake kira Superchargers.Tesla ya shigar da kuma kula da waɗannan tashoshi, kuma suna don keɓancewar amfani da abokan cinikin Tesla.Ko da kebul na adafta, ba zai yiwu a yi cajin EV maras tesla ba a tashar Tesla Supercharger.Wannan saboda akwai tsarin tantancewa wanda ke gano motar a matsayin Tesla kafin ta ba da damar yin amfani da wutar lantarki.Cajin Tesla Model S akan tafiye-tafiye ta hanyar Supercharger na iya ƙara nisan mil 170 a cikin mintuna 30 kacal.Amma nau'in V3 na Tesla Supercharger yana haɓaka ƙarfin wutar lantarki daga kusan kilowatts 120 zuwa 200 kW.Sabbin kuma ingantattun Superchargers, waɗanda aka ƙaddamar a cikin 2019 kuma suna ci gaba da fitowa, suna haɓaka abubuwa da kashi 25 cikin ɗari.Tabbas, kewayo da caji sun dogara da abubuwa da yawa—daga ƙarfin baturi na mota zuwa saurin caji na caja, da ƙari—don haka “mil mil ɗinku na iya bambanta.”
China GB/T EV Mai Haɗin Cajin
China GB/T DC Connector
China DC GB/T Inlet Socket
Kasar Sin ita ce babbar kasuwa - ta zuwa yanzu - don motocin lantarki.
Sun ɓullo da nasu tsarin cajin, bisa hukuma da ake magana a kai ta Guobiao matsayin su: GB/T 20234.2 da GB/T 20234.3.
GB/T 20234.2 yana rufe cajin AC (lokaci ɗaya kawai).Matosai da soket ɗin suna kama da Nau'in 2, amma fil da masu karɓa suna juyawa.
GB/T 20234.3 yana bayyana yadda saurin cajin DC ke aiki.Akwai tsarin cajin DC guda ɗaya a cikin ƙasar Sin, maimakon tsarin gasa kamar CHAdeMO, CCS, Tesla-modified, da sauransu, da ake samu a wasu ƙasashe.
Abin sha'awa shine, Ƙungiyar CHAdeMO ta Jafananci da Majalisar Wutar Lantarki ta China (wanda ke sarrafa GB / T) suna aiki tare a kan sabon tsarin sauri na DC wanda aka sani da ChaoJi.A cikin Afrilu 2020, sun sanar da ƙa'idodi na ƙarshe da ake kira CHAdeMO 3.0.Wannan zai ba da damar yin caji sama da 500 kW (iyakar amps 600) kuma zai samar da cajin bidirectional.La'akari da kasar Sin ita ce mafi yawan masu amfani da EVs, kuma yawancin kasashen yankin za su iya shiga ciki har da Indiya, shirin CHAdeMO 3.0 / ChaoJi zai iya kawar da CCS na tsawon lokaci a matsayin babban karfi wajen caji.
