EV Caja, igiyoyi da masu haɗawa don Cajin Mota Lantarki

EV Caja, igiyoyi da masu haɗawa don Cajin Mota Lantarki

Abu na farko, cewa kowane mai EV dole ne ya kasance yana da - haɗin kebul na dama da caja a kusa.Komai abin da zai kasance: soket na lantarki a cikin gida, caja mai sauri na bango ko caja mai ƙarfi a kusa.Ƙarshen Jagora ga Cajin Motar Lantarki don sababbin sababbin a ƙasa.

Abubuwan da ke ciki:
Caja ta Hanyoyi
Nau'o'in Haɗin Toshe
Wadanne caja ne motar ku na lantarki ke amfani da su?
Tashoshin caja masu sauri da sauri
Yaya tsawon lokacin da ake ɗauka don cajin jerin EV daban-daban
Bidiyo EV Tushen Cajin

Hanyoyin caji bisa ga ƙa'idodin duniya

Akwai hanyoyi guda huɗu na caji, waɗanda suka bambanta da juna zuwa wani ta nau'in halin yanzu, ƙarfin lantarki, da ƙarfin isar da wutar lantarki.Muna kwatanta shi daga ƙasa zuwa mafi girman saurin caji.

Yanayin 1 (AC matakin 1)

Mafi jinkirin nau'in caji da ake yi daga cibiyar sadarwar gida ku.Tazarar lokacin caji na abin hawan lantarki ta wannan hanya kusan awanni 12 ne (ya danganta da ƙarfin baturi).Tsarin yana faruwa ba tare da kayan aiki na musamman ba, tare da madaidaicin soket da adaftan AC na musamman.A yau kusan ba a amfani da wannan nau'in don cajin EVs saboda ƙarancin tsaro na haɗin gwiwa.

Yanayin 2 (AC matakin 2)

Daidaitaccen nau'in tashar cajin AC, wanda za'a iya amfani dashi a gida ko a tashoshin sabis.Ana amfani da shi don cajin motocin lantarki na kowane nau'i tare da masu haɗin gargajiya tare da tsarin kariya a cikin kebul.Lokacin caji yana da kimanin sa'o'i 7-8 tare da damar ajiya don batura masu iya aiki kusa da 19-25 kWh.Tesla Model 3 zai yi caji kusan sa'o'i 20.

Yanayin 3 (AC matakin 2)

Yanayin mafi ƙarfi da ake amfani dashi a tashoshin AC.Ana amfani da masu haɗa nau'in 1 don masu haɗin kai-ɗaya da nau'in 2 don wutar lantarki mai mataki uku.Idan kuna son amfani da Yanayin 3 a gida, kuna buƙatar siyan ƙarin kayan aiki: bango ko tashar caji na waje.Hakanan ana buƙatar soket na lokaci 3 da ƙimar halin yanzu mafi girma.Lokacin caji don EV tare da batura 50-80 kWh yana raguwa zuwa awanni 9-12.

Yanayin 4 (Dc Level 1-2)

Yanayin tashoshi na caji Yanayin 4 yana amfani da halin yanzu kai tsaye maimakon musanyawa.Ƙarfin irin waɗannan gidaje ya yi yawa ga wasu motocin lantarki.Ga waɗanda ke goyan bayan wannan ƙa'idar, ana cajin batura har zuwa 80% a cikin mintuna 30.Ana iya samun irin waɗannan wuraren caji a wuraren ajiye motoci na birane da manyan tituna, saboda haɓakar irin wannan hadaddun yana buƙatar keɓantaccen layin wutar lantarki mai ƙarfi.Bayan haka, farashin wannan tashar caji yana da tsada sosai.

Lokacin da kake neman cajar EV don gida, tabbatar cewa motarka tana goyan bayan caji mai sauri.Ana iya samun wannan bayanin akan takaddun masana'anta.

Nau'in Haɗin Cajin EV

Babu ma'auni ɗaya don cajin matosai a duniya.Bayan haka, bambanci tsakanin masu kera motoci, kuma Turai, Arewacin Amurka da Asiya suna da nasu matakan.

Tesla Supercharger

Babban mai kera EV a duniya yana amfani da nau'in haɗin cajin da ake kira Tesla Supercharger.Wannan nau'in fulogi kuma ya bambanta ga Arewacin Amurka da wata duniya (Misali Turai).Mai haɗin haɗi yana goyan bayan AC Yanayin caji 2, Yanayin 3, da cajin sauri na DC (Yanayin 4).

Hakanan, zaku iya amfani da CHAdeMO ko CCS Combo tare da adaftan.Wannan yana yin amfani da tashar jiragen ruwa gabaɗaya, ko ta ina da lokacin da kuka je.

Nau'in 2 (Mennekes)

Fil ɗin caji mai 7-pin wanda aka fi amfani da shi don motocin lantarki da aka kera don Turai da kuma motocin China da yawa waɗanda aka daidaita.Mahimmancin mai haɗawa ya ƙunshi yuwuwar yin amfani da hanyar sadarwa guda ɗaya da uku, tare da matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na 400V, na yanzu na 63A, da ƙarfin 43 kW.Yawanci 400 volts da 32 amperes tare da matsakaicin ikon fitarwa 22 kW don haɗin lokaci uku da 230 volts 32 amperes da 7.4 kilowatts don haɗin lokaci ɗaya.Mai haɗin haɗin yana ba da damar amfani da tashoshin caji tare da Yanayin 2 da Yanayin 3.

Nau'in 1 (wanda aka sani azaman SAE J1772 ko J-plog)

Madaidaicin madaidaicin mai haɗa wutar lantarki da wayar hannu mai 5-pin gama gari ga yawancin motocin lantarki na Amurka da Asiya.Ya yi amfani amma duk masana'antun EV ban da Tesla.Ana amfani da filogi na Nau'in 1 don yin cajin abin hawa na lantarki daga wuraren caji bisa ga ka'idodin Yanayin 2 da na 3.Ana yin caji ta hanyar grid na wutar lantarki na AC na lokaci ɗaya tare da matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na 230V, ƙarfin yanzu na 32A da iyakar ƙarfin 7.4 kW.

CCS Combo (Nau'i 1/Nau'i 2)

Nau'in haɗin haɗin haɗin gwiwa wanda ke ba ku damar amfani da wuraren caji mai sauri da sauri.Ana iya sarrafa mai haɗawa saboda fasahar inverter da ke juyar da DC zuwa AC.Motoci masu irin wannan haɗin suna iya ɗaukar saurin caji har zuwa matsakaicin cajin «sauri».

Masu haɗin CCS Combo ba iri ɗaya ba ne ga Turai da Amurka da Japan: don Turai, masu haɗin Combo 2 sun dace da Mennekes, kuma ga Amurka da Japan, Combo 1 mai dacewa da J1772 (Nau'in 1).An ƙera CSS Combo don cajin 200-500 volts a 200 amperes da ƙarfin 100 kW.CSS Combo 2 a halin yanzu shine nau'in haɗin da aka fi sani da shi a tashoshin caji mai sauri a Turai.

CHAdeMO

An ƙera mai haɗin DC mai 2-pin tare da haɗin gwiwar manyan masu kera motoci na Japan tare da TEPCO.Ana iya amfani da shi don cajin yawancin motocin lantarki na Japan, Amurka da Turai.An ƙera shi don amfani a tashoshin cajin DC masu ƙarfi a cikin Yanayin 4 don yin cajin baturi zuwa 80% a cikin mintuna 30 (a ikon 50 kW).An tsara shi don matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na 500V da na yanzu na 125A tare da ikon har zuwa 62.5 kW, amma an riga an haɓaka halayen.

ChaoJi

Matsakaicin filogi mai zuwa ba komai bane illa juyin halitta na CHAdeMO (ƙarni na uku).Yana iya cajin motocin da aka goyan baya tare da DC na 600A da ƙarfin har zuwa 500 kW.Mai haɗin haɗin yana goyan bayan ƙa'idodin CHAdeMO na baya, GB/T ko ma CCS tare da adaftan.

GB/T

Wannan ma'auni na musamman ne ga motocin da Sinawa ke yin su kuma galibi ana kiranta da GBT kawai.A gani, kusan yayi kama da Mennekes na Turai, amma ba dacewa da fasaha ba.Akwai nau'ikan haɗin kai guda biyu don wannan ma'auni, ɗaya don jinkirin (AC) na biyu don caji mai sauri (DC).

Jerin manyan motocin EV na gama gari da tashoshin jiragen ruwa da caja masu goyan baya (wanda za'a sabunta su)