Izisombululo zesiThuthi eziya kuGridi kwiZithuthi zoMbane
Yintoni iV2G kunye neV2X?
I-V2G imele i-"vehicle-to-grid" kwaye iteknoloji eyenza amandla atyhalwe emva kwigridi yamandla ukusuka kwibhetri yemoto yombane.Ngeteknoloji yemoto ukuya kwigridi, ibhetri yemoto inokuhlawulwa kwaye ikhutshwe ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu ezahlukeneyo - ezifana nokuveliswa kwamandla okanye ukusetyenziswa kufuphi.
I-V2X ithetha isithuthi kuyo yonke into.Ibandakanya iimeko ezininzi zokusetyenziswa ezahlukeneyo ezifana nemoto ukuya ekhaya (V2H), isithuthi ukuya kwisakhiwo (V2B) kunye nesithuthi ukuya kwigridi.Kuxhomekeka ukuba ufuna ukusebenzisa umbane kwi-EV ibhetri kwikhaya lakho okanye ukwakha imithwalo yombane, kukho izifinyezo ezahlukeneyo nganye kwezi meko umsebenzisi.Isithuthi sakho sinokukusebenzela, nangona ukubuyisela kwigridi akuyi kuba njalo kuwe.
Ngamafutshane, umbono ongemva kwemoto ukuya kwigridi uyafana nokutshaja rhoqo ngobuchule.Ukutshaja nge-Smart, okwabizwa ngokuba yi-V1G yokutshaja, kusenza sikwazi ukulawula ukutshaja kweemoto zombane ngendlela evumela ukuba amandla okutshaja anyuswe kwaye anciphe xa kufuneka.Isithuthi-siya-kwigridi sihamba inyathelo elinye ukuya phambili, kwaye yenza ukuba amandla ahlawulisiweyo atyhalwe okomzuzwana emva kwigridi ukusuka kwiibhetri zemoto ukulungelelanisa iiyantlukwano kwimveliso kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla.
2. Kutheni kufuneka uyikhathalele i-V2G?
Ibali elide elifutshane, isithuthi ukuya kwigridi inceda ukuthomalalisa utshintsho lwemozulu ngokuvumela inkqubo yethu yamandla ukuba ilinganise amandla amaninzi nangakumbi ahlaziyekayo.Nangona kunjalo, ukuphumelela ekujonganeni nengxaki yemozulu, izinto ezintathu kufuneka zenzeke kwicandelo lamandla kunye nokushukuma: I-Decarbonisation, ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla, kunye nokufakelwa kombane.
Kumxholo wemveliso yamandla, i-decarbonisation ibhekisa ekusasazweni kwemithombo yamandla ehlaziyekayo, njengamandla elanga kunye nomoya.Oku kwazisa ingxaki yokugcina amandla.Nangona i-fuel fuels ingabonwa njengendlela yokugcina amandla njengoko ikhulula amandla xa itshiswa, umoya kunye namandla elanga asebenza ngokwahlukileyo.Amandla kufuneka asetyenziswe apho aveliswa khona okanye agcinwe ndaweni ithile ukuze asetyenziswe kamva.Ngoko ke, ukukhula kwezinto ezivuselelekayo ngokungenakuthintelwa kwenza inkqubo yethu yamandla iguquke ngakumbi, ifuna iindlela ezintsha zokulinganisela kunye nokugcina amandla ukuba asetyenziswe.
Ngaxeshanye, icandelo lezothutho lenza isabelo salo esilungileyo sokunciphisa i-carbon kwaye njengobungqina obuphawulekayo bokuthi, inani lezithuthi zombane likhula ngokuthe ngcembe.Iibhetri zemoto zombane zezona ndlela zokonga imali yokugcina amandla, kuba azifuni kutyalo mali olongezelelweyo kwihardware.
Xa kuthelekiswa ne-unidirectional smart ukutshaja, nge-V2G umthamo webhetri unokusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo.I-V2X ijika ukutshaja kwe-EV ukusuka kwimpendulo yemfuno ukuya kwisisombululo sebhetri.Ivumela ukusebenzisa ibhetri ye-10x ngokufanelekileyo ngakumbi xa kuthelekiswa nokutshaja kwe-unidirectional smart.
Izisombululo zesithuthi ukuya kwigridi
Ukugcinwa kwamandla okumileyo - iibhanki zamandla amakhulu ngengqiqo - ziba zixhaphake.Ziyindlela eluncedo yokugcina amandla, umzekelo, kwizityalo ezinkulu zamandla elanga.Umzekelo, uTesla noNissan banikezela ngeebhetri zasekhaya nakubathengi.Ezi bhetri zasekhaya, kunye neepaneli zelanga kunye nezikhululo zokutshaja ze-EV zasekhaya, ziyindlela entle yokulinganisa ukuveliswa kwamandla kunye nokusetyenziswa kwizindlu ezivaliweyo okanye kwiindawo ezincinci.Okwangoku, enye yezona ndlela ziqhelekileyo zogcino zizitishi zokumpompa, apho amanzi ampontshelwa phezulu nasezantsi ukugcina amandla.
Kwinqanaba elikhulu, kwaye xa kuthelekiswa nezithuthi zombane, ezi zixhobo zokugcina amandla zibiza kakhulu ukubonelela kwaye zifuna utyalo-mali olubalulekileyo.Njengoko inani le-EVs likhula ngokuqhubekayo, iimoto zombane zibonelela ngenketho yokugcina ngaphandle kweendleko ezongezelelweyo.
Kwi-Virta, sikholelwa ukuba iimoto zombane zezona ndlela zihlakaniphile zokunceda kwimveliso yamandla avuselelekayo, njengoko ii-EVs ziya kuba yinxalenye yobomi bethu kwixesha elizayo - kungakhathaliseki ukuba zeziphi iindlela esikhetha ukuzisebenzisa.
3. Isebenza njani isithuthi ukuya kwigridi?
Xa kuziwa ekusebenziseni i-V2G ekusebenzeni, eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuqinisekisa ukuba abaqhubi be-EV banamandla okwaneleyo kwiibhetri zeemoto zabo xa beyifuna.Xa besiya emsebenzini ekuseni, ibhetri yemoto kufuneka igcwale ngokwaneleyo ukubaqhubela emsebenzini kwaye babuye xa kuyimfuneko.Le yimfuneko esisiseko ye-V2G kunye nayiphi na enye iteknoloji yokutshaja: Umqhubi we-EV kufuneka akwazi ukunxibelelana xa efuna ukukhupha imoto kunye nokuba ibhetri igcwele kangakanani ngelo xesha.
Xa ufaka isixhobo sokutshaja, inyathelo lokuqala kukuhlaziya inkqubo yombane yesakhiwo.Uqhagamshelo lombane lunokuba sisithintelo kwiprojekthi yokufaka i-EV yokutshaja okanye ukonyusa iindleko kakhulu xa kufuneka udibaniso luphuculwe.
Isithuthi ukuya kwigridi, kunye nezinye iimpawu zolawulo lwamandla ngobuchule, zinceda ukutshaja isithuthi sombane naphi na, nokuba injani na, indawo, okanye indawo.Izibonelelo ze-V2G zezakhiwo zibonakala xa umbane osuka kwiibhetri zemoto usetyenziswa apho ufuneka kakhulu (njengoko kuchazwe kwisahluko sangaphambili).Imoto ukuya kwigridi inceda ukulungelelanisa imfuno yombane kwaye kuthintelwe naziphi na iindleko ezingeyomfuneko zokwakha inkqubo yombane.Nge-V2G, i-spikes yokusetyenziswa kombane okwethutyana kwisakhiwo inokulinganisela ngoncedo lweemoto zombane kwaye akukho mandla angaphezulu kufuneka asetyenziswe kwigridi.
Yegridi yamandla
Ukukwazi kwezakhiwo ukulungelelanisa imfuno yazo yombane kunye nezikhululo zokutshaja zeV2G zikwanceda igridi yamandla kwisikali esikhulu.Oku kuya kuba luncedo xa inani lamandla ahlaziyekayo kwigridi, eveliswe ngomoya kunye nelanga, liyanda.Ngaphandle kobuchwephesha besithuthi ukuya kwigridi, amandla kufuneka athengwe kumaziko ombane agciniweyo, okonyusa amaxabiso ombane ngexesha leeyure eziphakamileyo, kuba ukubetha ezi zixhobo zamandla ongezelelweyo kuyinkqubo yexabiso.Ngaphandle kokulawula kufuneka wamkele eli xabiso linikiweyo kodwa ngeV2G uyinkosi yokwandisa iindleko zakho kunye nenzuzo.Ngamanye amazwi, i-V2G yenza ukuba iinkampani zamandla zidlale i-ping pong ngombane kwigridi.
Kubathengi
Kutheni le nto abathengi bethatha inxaxheba kwisithuthi ukuya kwigridi njengempendulo yemfuno ngoko?Njengoko besichazile ngaphambili, ayisenzi nto kubo, kodwa ngaba iyanceda?
Kuba izisombululo zesithuthi ukuya kwigridi kulindeleke ukuba zibe luphawu oluzuzisa imali kwiinkampani zamandla, zinenkuthazo ecacileyo yokukhuthaza abathengi ukuba bathathe inxaxheba.Emva koko, iteknoloji, izixhobo, kunye nezithuthi ezihambelana neteknoloji ye-V2G ayanele - abathengi kufuneka bathathe inxaxheba, bafake kwaye benze ukuba iibhetri zeemoto zabo zisetyenziswe kwi-V2G.Sinokulindela ukuba kwixesha elizayo kumlinganiselo omkhulu, abathengi bayavuzwa ukuba bazimisele ukwenza ukuba iibhetri zeemoto zabo zisetyenziswe njengezinto zokulinganisa.
4. Ingaba isithuthi ukuya kwigridi iya kuba yinto eqhelekileyo?
Izisombululo ze-V2G zilungele ukubetha imarike kwaye ziqale ukwenza umlingo wazo.Nangona kunjalo, eminye imiqobo kufuneka yoyiswe ngaphambi kokuba i-V2G ibe sisixhobo solawulo lwamandla.
A. V2G ubuchwepheshe kunye nezixhobo
Ababoneleli behardware abaninzi baphuhlise imifuziselo yesixhobo ehambelana nobuchwepheshe besithuthi ukuya kwigridi.Njengazo naziphi na ezinye izixhobo zokutshaja, iitshaja zeV2G sele ziza ngeemilo ezininzi kunye nobukhulu.
Ngesiqhelo, awona mandla aphezulu okutshaja amalunga ne-10 kW - anele nje ukutshaja ekhaya okanye emsebenzini.Kwixesha elizayo, nezisombululo zokutshaja ezibanzi ziya kusebenza.Izixhobo zokutshaja isithuthi ukuya kwigridi ziitshaja ze-DC, kuba ngale ndlela iitshaja eziziimoto eziziibhodi ziyakwazi ukugqithwa.Kubekho neeprojekthi apho isithuthi sinetshaja ye-DC engaphakathi kwaye isithuthi sinokudityaniswa kwitshaja ye-AC.Nangona kunjalo, esi ayisosisombululo siqhelekileyo namhlanje.
Ukusonga, izixhobo zikhona kwaye ziyenzeka, kodwa kusekho indawo yokuphucula njengoko iteknoloji ikhula.
V2G izithuthi ezihambelanayo
Okwangoku, izithuthi ze-CHAdeMo (ezifana ne-Nissan) zigqithise abanye abavelisi beemoto ngokuzisa iimodeli zemoto ezihambelana neV2G kwiimarike.Onke amagqabi akwaNissan akwimarike anokukhutshwa ngezikhululo zemoto ukuya kwigridi.Ukukwazi ukuxhasa i-V2G yinto yokwenyani yezithuthi kwaye abanye abavelisi abaninzi baya kuthemba ukuba bajoyine iklabhu yemoto ukuya kwigridi ehambelanayo kungekudala.Umzekelo, iMitsubishi ikwabhengeze izicwangciso zokurhweba ngeV2G ngeOutlander PHEV.
Ngaba iV2G iyabuchaphazela ubomi bebhetri yemoto?
Njengenqaku elisecaleni: Abanye abachasi beV2G bathi ukusebenzisa itekhnoloji yemoto ukuya kwigridi kwenza ukuba iibhetri zemoto zingapheli ixesha elide.Ibango ngokwalo liyamangalisa, njengoko iibhetri zemoto zikhutshwa yonke imihla - njengoko imoto isetyenziswa, ibhetri iyakhutshwa ukuze sikwazi ukuqhuba.Abaninzi bacinga ukuba i-V2X/V2G iya kuthetha ukutshaja ngokupheleleyo kunye nokukhupha amandla, oko kukuthi, ibhetri iya kuhamba ukusuka kwi-zero yepesenti yesimo sentlawulo ukuya kwi-100% yesimo sentlawulo kwaye kwakhona ukuya kwi-zero.Oku akunjalo.Lilonke, ukukhutshwa kwesithuthi ukuya kwigridi akuchaphazeli ubomi bebhetri, njengoko kwenzeka kuphela imizuzu embalwa ngosuku.Nangona kunjalo, ubomi bebhetri ye-EV kunye neempembelelo ze-V2G kuyo zifundwa rhoqo.
Ngaba iV2G iyabuchaphazela ubomi bebhetri yemoto?
Njengenqaku elisecaleni: Abanye abachasi beV2G bathi ukusebenzisa itekhnoloji yemoto ukuya kwigridi kwenza ukuba iibhetri zemoto zingapheli ixesha elide.Ibango ngokwalo liyamangalisa, njengoko iibhetri zemoto zikhutshwa yonke imihla - njengoko imoto isetyenziswa, ibhetri iyakhutshwa ukuze sikwazi ukuqhuba.Abaninzi bacinga ukuba i-V2X/V2G iya kuthetha ukutshaja kwamandla apheleleyo kunye nokukhupha, oko kukuthi ibhetri iya kuhamba ukusuka kwi-zero yepesenti yesimo sentlawulo ukuya kwi-100% yesimo sentlawulo kwaye kwakhona ukuya kwi-zero.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jan-31-2021
