Izinhlobo Ezihlukene Zezixhumi zokushaja ze-EV
Kunezizathu eziningi zokucabangela ukushintshela kwenye exhaswe ugesi osuka emotweni esebenza ngophethiloli.Izimoto zikagesi azithuli, zinezindleko eziphansi zokusebenza futhi zikhiqiza umoya omncane kakhulu okhishwa ingqikithi emasondweni.Akuzona zonke izimoto zikagesi nama-plug-ins adalwe alinganayo, noma kunjalo.Isixhumi sokushaja se-EV noma uhlobo olujwayelekile lwepulaki ikakhulukazi luyahlukahluka ezindaweni zonke namamodeli.
Ngazi kanjani ukuthi iyiphi i-plug-in yemoto yami kagesi esetshenziswayo?
Nakuba ukufunda kungase kubonakale kuningi, kulula ngempela.Zonke izimoto zikagesi zisebenzisa isixhumi esiyindinganiso ezimakethe zazo zokushaja kweleveli 1 kanye neleveli 2, eNyakatho Melika, e-Europe, e-China, e-Japan, njll. I-Tesla iyona kuphela eyayihlukile, kodwa zonke izimoto zayo ziza nekhebula le-adaptha amandla izinga lemakethe.Iziteshi zokushaja ze-Tesla Level 1 noma 2 nazo zingasetshenziswa yizimoto zikagesi ezingezona eze-Tesla, kodwa zidinga ukusebenzisa i-adaptha engathengwa kumthengisi wesithathu.Ngokushaja okusheshayo kwe-DC, i-Tesla inenethiwekhi yokuphathelene yeziteshi ze-Supercharger ezingase zisetshenziswe izimoto zakwaTesla kuphela, ayikho i-adaptha ezosebenza kulezi ziteshi ngoba kunenqubo yokuqinisekisa.Izimoto zakwaNissan neMitsubishi zisebenzisa i-CHAdeMO evamile yaseJapane, futhi cishe zonke ezinye izimoto zikagesi zisebenzisa izinga lokushaja le-CCS.
I-North American Standards Type 1 EV Plug
Uhlobo 1 Isixhumi se-EV
Thayipha i-EV Socket engu-1
Amazinga AseYurophu IEC62196-2 Uhlobo 2 Izixhumi ze-EV
Uhlobo 2 Isixhumi se-EV
Thayipha i-2 Inlet Socket
Izixhumi zohlobo 2 zivame ukubizwa ngokuthi izixhumi ze-'Mennekes', ngemuva komkhiqizi waseJalimane owasungula umklamo.Zinepulaki enamaphini angu-7. I-EU incoma izixhumi zohlobo 2 futhi ngezinye izikhathi zibhekiselwa kuzo yizinga elisemthethweni le-IEC 62196-2.
Izinhlobo zezixhumi zokushaja ze-EV e-Europe ziyefana nalezo zaseNyakatho Melika, kodwa kunomehluko embalwa.Okokuqala, ugesi wasendlini ojwayelekile ungamavolthi angama-230, cishe uphindwe kabili kunalowo osetshenziswa eNyakatho Melika.Akukho ukushaja "level 1" e-Europe, ngenxa yaleso sizathu.Okwesibili, esikhundleni sesixhumi se-J1772, isixhumi se-IEC 62196 Type 2, esivame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-mennekes, siyindinganiso esetshenziswa yibo bonke abakhiqizi ngaphandle kwe-Tesla eYurophu.
Noma kunjalo, u-Tesla usanda kushintsha i-Model 3 kusukela kusixhumi sayo sokuphathelene kuya kusixhumi sohlobo 2.Izimoto zakwaTesla Model S neModel X ezidayiswa e-Europe zisasebenzisa isixhumi sakwaTesla, kodwa ukuqagela ukuthi nazo zizogcina zishintshele e-European Type 2 connector.
I-CCS Combo 1 Isixhumi
I-CCS Combo 1 Inlet Socket
I-CCS Combo 2 Isixhumi
I-CCS Combo 2 Inlet Socket
I-CCS imele i-Combined Charging System.
I-Combined Charging System (CCS) imboza amashaja e-Combo 1 (CCS1) kanye ne-Combo 2 (CCS2).
Kusukela ngasekupheleni kwawo-2010, isizukulwane esilandelayo samashaja sahlanganisa amashaja ohlobo 1/Type 2 nesixhumi samanje esiwugqinsi se-DC ukuze sakhe i-CCS 1 (eNyakatho Melika) kanye ne-CCS 2.
Lesi sixhumi esihlanganisayo sisho ukuthi imoto iyakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo ngoba ingathatha ukushajwa kwe-AC ngesixhumi engxenyeni ephezulu noma ishaje ye-DC ngezixhumi ezihlanganisiwe ezingu-2. Ngokwesibonelo, uma unesokhethi ye-CCS Combo 2 emotweni yakho futhi ufuna ukushaja ekhaya ku-AC, umane uxhume ipulaki yakho yohlobo 2 oluvamile engxenyeni engaphezulu.Ingxenye engezansi ye-DC yesixhumi ihlala ingenalutho.
E-Europe, ukushaja okusheshayo kwe-DC kuyafana naseNyakatho Melika, lapho i-CCS iyindinganiso esetshenziswa cishe yibo bonke abakhiqizi ngaphandle kwe-Nissan, Mitsubishi.Uhlelo lwe-CCS e-Europe luhlanganisa isixhumi soHlobo 2 nezikhonkwane zokushaja okusheshayo ze-tow dc njengesixhumi se-J1772 eNyakatho Melika, ngakho nakuba sibizwa nangokuthi i-CCS, siyisixhumi esihluke kancane.Imodeli ye-Tesla 3 manje isebenzisa isixhumi se-European CCS.
Isixhumi Esijwayelekile se-CHAdeMO sase-Japan & Nesokhethi le-Inlet le-CHAdeMO
I-CHAdeMO Isixhumi
I-CHAdeMO Socket
I-CHAdeMO: Insiza yaseJapan i-TEPCO ithuthukise i-CHAdeMo.Kuyindinganiso esemthethweni yaseJapan futhi cishe wonke amashaja asheshayo aseJapan DC asebenzisa isixhumi se-CHAdeMO.Kuhlukile eNyakatho Melika lapho iNissan neMitsubishi yibona kuphela abakhiqizi abadayisa izimoto zikagesi ezisebenzisa isixhumi se-CHAdeMO.Izimoto zikagesi kuphela ezisebenzisa uhlobo lwesixhumi sokushaja se-CHAdeMO EV iNissan LEAF neMitsubishi Outlander PHEV.I-Kia iyeka i-CHAdeMO ngo-2018 futhi manje inikeza i-CCS.Izixhumi ze-CHAdeMO azihlanganyeli ingxenye yesixhumi ne-J1772 inlet, ngokuphambene nesistimu ye-CCS, ngakho zidinga i-ChadeMO eyengeziwe yokungena emotweni Lokhu kudinga imbobo yokushaja enkulu.
I-Tesla Supercharger EV Isixhumi ne-Tesla EV Socket
I-Tesla: I-Tesla isebenzisa izixhumi zokushaja ezisheshayo ze-Level 1, Level 2 kanye ne-DC.Kuyisixhumi esiphathelene ne-Tesla esamukela wonke ama-voltage, ngakho njengoba amanye amazinga edinga, asikho isidingo sokuba nesinye isixhumi esikhethekile sokushaja okusheshayo kwe-DC.Izimoto zakwaTesla kuphela ezingasebenzisa amashaja azo asheshayo e-DC, abizwa ngokuthi ama-Supercharger.I-Tesla ifake futhi inakekele lezi ziteshi, futhi zisetshenziselwa kuphela amakhasimende akwaTesla.Ngisho nekhebula le-adaptha, ngeke kwenzeke ukushaja i-EV engeyona i-tesla esiteshini se-Tesla Supercharger.Lokho kungenxa yokuthi kunenqubo yokuqinisekisa ekhomba imoto njenge-Tesla ngaphambi kokuthi inikeze ukufinyelela kumandla.Ukushaja i-Tesla Model S ohambweni lomgwaqo nge-Supercharger kungangeza ibanga elingamamayela angu-170 ngemizuzu engama-30 nje.Kodwa inguqulo ye-V3 ye-Tesla Supercharger inyusa amandla aphumayo ukusuka ku-120 kilowatts kuya ku-200 kW.Ama-Supercharger amasha nathuthukisiwe, athulwe ngo-2019 futhi asaqhubeka nokuphuma, asheshisa izinto ngamaphesenti angama-25.Kunjalo, ububanzi nokushaja kuncike ezintweni eziningi—kusukela kumthamo webhethri lemoto kuya esivinini sokushaja seshaja engaphakathi, nokunye okwengeziwe—ukuze “ibanga lakho lingahluka.”
Isixhumi sokushaja sase-China GB/T EV
I-China GB/T DC Isixhumi
I-China DC GB/T Inlet Socket
I-China iyimakethe enkulu kunazo zonke - kuze kube manje - yezimoto zikagesi.
Bazenzele eyabo isistimu yokushaja, ebizwa ngokusemthethweni ngezindinganiso zabo ze-Guobiao njenge: GB/T 20234.2 kanye ne-GB/T 20234.3.
I-GB/T 20234.2 ifaka ukushaja kwe-AC (isigaba esisodwa kuphela).Amapulaki namasokhethi abukeka njengohlobo 2, kodwa izikhonkwane nama-receptors ayahlehliswa.
I-GB/T 20234.3 ichaza ukuthi ukushaja kwe-DC kusebenza kanjani.Kukhona uhlelo olulodwa lokushaja lwe-DC ezweni lonke e-China, kunezinhlelo eziqhudelanayo ezifana ne-CHAdeMO, i-CCS, i-Tesla-modified, njll., etholakala kwamanye amazwe.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi i-CHAdeMO Association yase-Japan kanye ne-China Electricity Council (elawula i-GB/T) basebenza ndawonye ohlelweni olusha olusheshayo lwe-DC olwaziwa nge-ChaoJi.Ngo-Ephreli 2020, bamemezela imigomo yokugcina ebizwa ngokuthi i-CHAdeMO 3.0.Lokhu kuzovumela ukushaja okungaphezu kuka-500 kW (umkhawulo wama-amps angu-600) futhi kuzohlinzeka nokushaja okuqondiswa kabili.Uma kucatshangelwa i-China ingumthengi omkhulu wama-EVs, nokuthi amazwe amaningi ezifunda kungenzeka ajoyine okuhlanganisa ne-India okungenzeka ukuthi, umkhankaso we-CHAdeMO 3.0 / ChaoJi ungase uchithe i-CCS ngokuhamba kwesikhathi njengamandla amakhulu ekushajeni.
