Ithini indlela yokushaja esheshayo Isiteshi sokushaja samandla aphezulu we-DC?

Ngisanda kuthatha uhambo ngemoto yami entsha nomngane wami wakwa-Aging Wheels.NgoFebhuwari ngathatha ukulethwa kweHyundai Ioniq 5, futhi ngangifuna ukubona ukuthi uhambo lwami lokushaja olushesha kakhulu kodwa nemoto kagesi engeyona i-Tesla izohamba kanjani.

Wenza kanjalo, ngakho ngamletha.Bekukuhle ngoba sobabili besihlale sifuna ukuya e-Gatorland!Noma kunjalo, wenze ibhulogi yokuthi uhambo lomgwaqo luhambe kanjani engiphakamisa kakhulu ukuthi uluhlole, futhi ngilapha ukuzokwenza ibhulogi ukuthi kungenzeka kanjani.Lindani sengikwenzile.Yilena.Le bhulogi izofaka ubuchwepheshe bokushaja obunika amandla ukushayela amabanga amade, ngogesi.Ngizobe ngidingida amashaja, ukuthi aletha kanjani amandla emotweni, kanye nesivinini sethiyori abangakwenza ngaso lokho.Kubhulogi yakamuva, ngizobe ngikhuluma ngamaqiniso okushajwa kwemoto kagesi ngo-2024.

Ithini indlela yokushaja esheshayo Isiteshi sokushaja samandla aphezulu we-DC?

Singabona isixhumi sokushaja esimisiwe kanye nomkhawulo waso wokulethwa kwamandla - empeleni sekuxazululiwe futhi kuwubufakazi besikhathi esizayo.Sidinga amashaja amaningi kunalawo akhona njengamanje, kodwa ngobuchwepheshe bokushaja obukhona namuhla, uhambo oluyimayela elingu-1,185 (noma ikhilomitha elingu-1,907) esisanda kulithatha - oluthatha cishe amahora angu-18 ukushayela!– ngokwethiyori kungafezwa ngehora elilodwa nje lesikhathi sokushaja sesiphelele.Okungenzeka kube kuncane ngemoto esebenza kahle kakhulu.Asikabi lapho ngobuchwepheshe bebhethri banamuhla, kodwa sesisondele ngokumangalisayo.Ngaphambi kokuthi ngiqhubeke ngifuna ukugcizelela iphuzu elibaluleke kakhulu.

Izimoto zikagesi zinikeza ipharadigm entsha ngokuphelele yokugcwalisa amafutha, engithole ukuthi kunzima kakhulu ukuxhumana nayo.Emhlabeni okahle, amashaja asheshayo esiwabukayo kule bhulogi awavamile ukusetshenziswa.Yebo, sizozidinga - nezinye eziningi zazo - ukuze sikwazi ukuhamba amabanga amade ezimotweni zikagesi, kodwa indlela elula KAKHULU futhi engcono kakhulu yokuphatha ukushaja izimoto zomuntu siqu iwukwenza kancane kancane ekhaya.Empeleni, ukushaja ekhaya kusho ukuthi lolu hambo lomgwaqo belungungokokuqala ngqa ngicabanga ukuthi ngizoshaja kanjani imoto yami, futhi bengishayela izimoto ezisebenza ngogesi ngokuphelele kusukela ngasekupheleni kuka-2017.

Ukumane ngixhume ekhaya futhi ngishaje ngenkathi ngilele kusho ukuthi usuku luqala ngemoto eshajwe ngokuphelele, futhi ngichithe isikhathi esiyiziro ngilinde imoto yami ukuthi ishaje kuze kube yilolu hambo.Ngakho-ke ngenkathi, yebo, sichithe isikhathi esiningi ohambweni lomgwaqo kunesikhathi ebesizoba naso kuphethiloli wami omdala oshisa iVolt, angiphinde ngichithe isikhathi eziteshini zikaphethiloli ngezidingo zami zosuku nosuku zokushayela.Futhi lokho kuhle kakhulu.Ukuxazulula ukufinyelela kokushaja ekhaya ezindaweni lapho lokhu kunzima khona njengamanje, isibonelo amafulethi noma izindawo ezingomakhelwane ezinendawo yokupaka emgwaqweni kuphela, into engicabanga ukuthi kufanele sigxile kuyo kuqala.

Cishe kufanele futhi sisebenzele ukunciphisa ukuncika ezimotweni ukuze zikwazi ukuhamba kodwa lokho akukho esibalweni sale bhulogi.Yebo, ngokombono ukushaja okusheshayo kungahlangabezana nezidingo zalabo abangakwazi ukushaja ekhaya nabathembele emotweni.Kodwa amashaja asheshayo ama-oda obukhulu ayinkimbinkimbi futhi abiza kakhulu ukuwafaka, kanti ishaja ye-AC yezinga 2 eyisisekelo ingaba namarandi angamakhulu ambalwa futhi ingase idinge kuphela ukufakwa okuthile okufana nokomisa.

Kuphinde kube nenkinga yokuguga kwebhethri – ukushaja okusheshayo kucindezela kakhulu iphakethe lebhethri, ngakho ukuncika ngokukhethekile kungase kunciphise ukuphila okusebenzisekayo kwephekhi.Futhi, ukubeka eceleni konke lokho, kulula kakhulu ukushaja ekhaya.Uma usuyizwile, ukuya endaweni yokuthenga uphethiloli uqala ukuzizwa ubuwula.

Yini ehlukanisa lawa mashaja asheshayo kwamanye?

Sinakho konke lokho emqondweni, ake siqale sikhulume ngokuthi yini ehlukanisa lawa mashaja asheshayo kwamanye.Esikhathini esithile emuva ngenza ibhulogi ngemishini yokuhlinzeka ngezimoto zikagesi, noma i-EVSE.Leli yigama elifanele lale nto njengoba umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko uwukuhlinzeka ngogesi womugqa we-AC emotweni.Inomsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu wokutshela imoto umthamo wogesi wayo, futhi yenza nezinye izinto ezimbalwa ezihlobene nokuphepha kodwa into yangempela enomjikelezo wokushaja kuyo - i-circuitry ethatha amandla e-AC futhi iwaguqulele ku-DC ukushaja amaseli ebhethri — iyimojuli esemotweni.

Izimoto ezahlukene zinama-voltage ephakethe lebhethri ahlukene, amakhemistri, nosayizi, ngakho-ke ukuba nesibambo semoto ukuzishaja ngokuvamile kulula.Futhi kwenza ingqalasizinda ingabizi kakhulu ukwakha ngoba lena intambo nje yokunweba yenkomo enobuhlakani obuncane ngaphakathi.Futhi yingakho le nto ingeyona ishaja ngokobuchwepheshe.Kodwa-ke, ukuyibiza ngokuthi "imishini" akulula ngakho iningi lethu lisakubiza ngokuthi ishaja.

Lapha eNyakatho Melika, isixhumi *esijwayelekile* sokushaja se-AC ngokuvamile saziwa ngesixhumi esilula kakhulu ukusikhumbula i-SAE J1772 Type 1.Kamuva ngizokhuluma ngendlovu egunjini elinguTesla, kodwa ngaphandle kwezimoto zabo ngokweqiniso - futhi angikwazi ukukugcizelela lokho ngokwanele, YONKE - imoto exhunywe efakwe eNyakatho Melika kusukela ngo-2010, kungakhathalekile ukuthi yakhiwa ngubani, inale plug ncamashi.

Kusukela ku-Chevy Volt yasekuqaleni kanye ne-Nissan Leaf, ukuya ku-Rivian R1T kanye ne-Porsche Taycan, zonke zinalesi sixhumi sokushaja i-AC!Uma ngizwakala ngithuke ngendlela eyinqaba phezulu lapha, yingoba kukhona ukudideka okuqhubekayo mayelana nalokhu, mhlawumbe ngenxa yokuthi Leya Nkampani yenza izinto ngendlela ehlukile, kodwa sizofika kulokho kamuva.Lesi sixhumi singakwazi ukuhlinzeka ngama-amps angu-80 wesigaba esisodwa samanje, futhi kuma-volts angu-240 lokho kungu-19.2 kW.Lelo izinga lamandla elingajwayelekile, nokho, njengoba ububanzi buka-6 kuya ku-10 kW busabalele kakhulu.Lokhu okukhethekile kwe-Amazon, i-EVSE ephathekayo enepulaki ye-NEMA 14-50 ngakolunye uhlangothi, izohlinzeka ngama-amps angu-30, angu-7.2 kW ku-240 volts.Ngokufanelekile, ngicabanga ukuthi lawa amandla amakhulu kakhulu cishe noma ubani angase awadinge - inqobo nje uma bekwazi ukufinyelela njalo ishaja ekhaya.

Ezinye izimakethe zisebenzisa inguqulo ye-fancier yalesi sixhumi ehamba ngawo wonke lawa magama futhi esinamaphinikhodi amaningi.Lokhu kuvumela ukusetshenziswa kwezigaba ezintathu ezitholakala kakhulu kulezo zimakethe.Kodwa lapha eNyakatho Melika amandla ezigaba ezintathu empeleni awekho endaweni yokuhlala ngakho isixhumi sohlobo loku-1 asikusekeli.Alikho nje icala lokusetshenziswa komhlaba wangempela losekelo lwezigaba ezintathu ezimotweni zomuntu siqu lapha.

Iyini inethiwekhi yokushaja okusheshayo?

Kunoma yikuphi, sisakhuluma endaweni ye-AC.Kuze kube manje sisebenzisa lokhu ukuxhuma imoto kugridi futhi siyivumele ukuthi ibambe ukushintsha i-flippy floppy zippy ibe uhlobo lokuhlanganisa nokukhipha.Nokho, kungenzeka ukuthi ubonile ukuthi ngezansi nje kwembobo yokushaja kule moto kunento encane ethi “donsa.”Ngihlala ngilalela imiyalelo, ngakho-ke asikukhiphe lokho.Aha… sineni lapha?Kungazelelwe, sekuvele amanye amaphini amabili ngaphansi kwesixhumi.

Isixhumi sethu se-J1772 empeleni siyi-combo coupler ye-CCS1.I-CCS imele i-Combined Charging System, kanti u-1 usho ukuthi, lolu uhlelo lokushaja oluhlanganisiwe lohlobo loku-1 lokuxhuma.I-CCS2, esetshenziswa ezimakethe ngepulaki Yohlobo 2 AC, iphinde idlale lawa maphinifa enyama yenkomo.Lezi zikhonkwane zimane ziyi-augmentation yezixhumi zangempela ze-AC, ezigcina ukuhambisana nemishini ye-AC ekhona.Futhi inhloso yabo ukunikeza ukuxhumana okuqondile kuphakethe lebhethri lemoto.Uma uzibuza ukuthi kungani singase sikufune lokho, khumbula kahle ukuthi ishaja engaphakathi kwemoto kufanele ingene ndawana thize emotweni.Ukulinganiselwa kosayizi nesisindo kusho ukuthi kungaba namandla kakhulu.Kodwa noma ngabe lokho bekungeyona inkinga, ugesi wasekhaya ojwayelekile unganikeza amandla angaka kuphela.

Umkhawulo wama-amp angu-80 wesixhumi se-AC saseNyakatho Melika cishe uyingxenye yomphakeli kagesi wekhaya elikhulu, ngakho-ke kunesinye isizathu sokuthi izimoto ezimbalwa zisekela ukushaja ngaleso sivinini.Kodwa ake sithi ungathatha iphakethe lebhethri emotweni uliyise emshinini okhethekile okwazi ukuphatha ama-kilowatts amaningi wamandla.Uma ungakwenza lokho, akusho lutho ukuthi umshini oyithiyori mkhulu futhi mkhulu kangakanani ngoba awudingi ukungena emotweni.Futhi, unganika lowo mshini amandla ngogesi omkhulu kunalowo owuthola ekhaya.Manje, ukususa iphakethe lebhethri kuyindaba ehilelekile ngempela (okudumaza kakhulu abantu abathanda umbono wokushintshwa kwebhethri) ngakho-ke kunokwenza lokho, siletha imoto komunye wale mishini ekhethekile futhi sixhume ibhethri layo kuyo. lapha.Lo mbono siwubiza nge-DC ukushaja okusheshayo, futhi lesi sixhumi singakwazi ukuphatha amandla afinyelela kwangu-350 kW.Okuyizinto ezimbi.Futhi empeleni iyakwazi ukumelana nokudlula lokho kodwa isivinini esingu-350 kW yisona sivinini osithola endle namuhla.Izikhonkwane ze-DC ze-CCS combo coupler zikalwe ukuthi zithwale kufika kuma-amps angu-500 wamanje ngokuqhubekayo.Futhi amashaja abaxhumeke kuwo anganikeza amandla e-DC noma yikuphi ukusuka ku-200 kuya ku-1000 volts.Iziteshi zanamuhla ezimakwe ukuthi “kufika ku-350 kW” ngokuvamile ziyakwazi ukuhlinzeka ngo-350 amps ku-1000 volts, nakuba zingase futhi zenze ama-amps angu-500 ku-700 volts.

Yebo, kukhona okuhlukile uma kukhulunywa ngemikhawulo ye-amp nokuthi lokho kuhlobana kanjani ne-voltage yephakethe lebhethri lemoto yakho esizofika kukho kubhulogi elandelayo, kodwa umqondo oyisisekelo lapha ukuthi inani elikhulu lamandla lingashovwa ngalesi sixhumi. futhi ngqo ephaketheni lebhethri lemoto yakho ngokushesha okukhulu.Kulelo nothi, eziteshini eziningi into oxhumana nayo futhi ephethe ikhebula ukuze ixhunywe emotweni yakho empeleni awenzi noma yikuphi ukuguqulwa kwamandla.

Lezi zinto zibizwa ngokuthi ama-dispensers, futhi empeleni ziyindawo nje yokubeka ikhebula, mhlawumbe isikrini nesifundi sekhadi, kanye nemifanekiso ethile.Izintambo ezifihliwe zihamba ngaphansi komhlaba zisuka kulawa ma-dispensers ziye emshinini wokushaja wangempela.Ngokuvamile izinto zokusebenza ziqukethe i-pad-mount transformer enkulu ukuze ingene kugridi, kanye nochungechunge lwamakhabethe.Izinto ezikulawo khabethe yizona eziguqula amandla e-AC asuka kugridi abe yi-DC yokushaja imoto.Lawo amashaja angempela, futhi njengoba singenaso isikhala noma imikhawulo yokupholisa yeshaja engaphakathi, futhi njengoba lezi zixhunywe kugesi we-megawatt-plus, lezi zinto zingakwazi ukuphatha amandla amakhulu kakhulu.Lowo ukhiye wokushaja okusheshayo kwe-DC.Ngokushaja kwe-AC, ivaliwe futhi ilinganiselwe.

Ngokuyisisekelo, i-EVSE itshela imoto ukuthi "hey, ungathatha ama-amps angu-30" futhi imoto izothi "ngingathanda amandla manje" futhi i-EVSE ihamba *clack* futhi manje imoto izoba ne-AC line voltage imbobo yokushaja, futhi kukumoto ukuthi isingathe okunye.Kepha ukushaja okusheshayo kwe-DC kuyasebenza kakhulu ngazo zonke izindlela.Esimeni sesixhumi se-CCS, iphinikhodi yokulawula isetshenziselwa ukuxhumana kwezinga eliphezulu.Uma uxhuma imoto kwenye yalawa mashaja, kuxhawulana futhi izinto eziningi ziqala ukuxhumana nhlangothi zombili.Bheka, manje njengoba sehlisa umsebenzi wokushaja emishinini kagesi yemoto, imoto kufanele ikwazi ukulawula ishaja ngakolunye uhlangothi lwekhebula.

Yebo ishaja nayo idinga ukutshela imoto ukuthi ikwazi ukwenzani, futhi uhlobo lwecebo lomdlalo okuvunyelwana ngalo ngesikhathi sokuxhawula okokuqala.Uma imoto neshaja kuvumelana ukuthi ukushaja kungaqhubeka, isixhumi sivaleleka emotweni (okwenzeka ngasohlangothini lwemoto, ukuze ungavaleleke lapho uma ishaja kufanele ife nganoma yisiphi isizathu) bese-ke. imoto ivala i-contactor kuphakethe layo lebhethri elixhuma izikhonkwane ze-DC zesixhumi se-combo ngqo ephaketheni.Ngaleso sikhathi, imoto neshaja zisekuxhumaneni okungaguquki, futhi imoto itshela ishaja amandla kagesi kanye namandla ewashi ewafunayo ngokusekelwe emandleni ephakethe lebhethri layo, izici, izimo, kanye nesimo sokushajwa.Uma kubonakala sengathi kukhona okungahambi kahle nhlangothi zombili, ukushaja kuzoma ngokushesha.

Phambilini ngithe lamashaja angakwazi ukukhipha noma yini ukusuka ku-200 kuya ku-1000 volts DC.Kungani kunebanga elikhulu kangaka?Ake sikhulume nge-voltage yephakethe lebhethri.Yonke i-EV ekhona yaklanywa ngephakethe layo lebhethri elilungiselelwe ngendlela ethile.Amaseli ebhethri angempela afakwe ngamaqembu alandelanayo ukuze athole umthamo othile wephekhi yokulinganisa.Izimoto eziningi, okuhlanganisa ne-Teslas, zinalokhu esikubiza ngokuthi yi-400V architectures, kodwa lokho kuyisigaba esingaphezu kwesilinganiso se-voltage yephakethe.

Njengoba i-voltage yephakethe langempela ihluka ukusuka emotweni nemoto, i-voltage okudingeka ishaja inikeze nayo izohluka.Futhi njengoba ibhethri liqala ukushajwa, i-voltage edingekayo ukuze uqhubeke nokulishaja liyenyuka kancane kancane.Ngakho ishaja idinga ukuba nobubanzi bokukhipha amandla kagesi ngisho nalapho ishaja imoto eyodwa.Manje, imoto engu-400V ayisoze yadinga ukuthi i-1000V iphonselwe kuyo.Kepha abakhiqizi abaningi bathuthela kuma-voltage aphezulu wephakethe.I-My Hyundai, kanye nezelamani zayo zakwaKia neGenesis epulatifomu ye-E-GMP, ine-architecture engu-800V.Inzuzo ye-voltage ephezulu yephakethe ukuthi wonke umqhubi ohilelekile ekwenzeni imoto ihambe (ngakho-ke amabha amabhasi phakathi kwamaseli ephaketheni, amakhebuli asuka ephaketheni aya kuma-inverter enjini, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu kule ngxoxo izintambo ezivela kusixhumi sokushaja. ) ingaphatha amandla engeziwe nge-current efanayo.Kunokucatshangelwa okwengeziwe okudingeka kwenziwe uma uwela kuma-voltage aphezulu, ikakhulukazi ngokufakwa kanye nesitifiketi sezingxenye zokuphatha amandla.

Kodwa okungaphezulu kwe-voltage yephakethe ephezulu ukuthi idinga izinto ezincane zamakhondakta kulo lonke uhlelo, futhi ikunikeza ngaphezulu okuningi ngaphambi kokuthi uqale ukungena ezinkingeni lapho lawo makhondaktha ashisa futhi epholisa kudingeka.Uma sikhuluma ngokupholisa, abantu abakwaziyo ukuhamba kukagesi bangase bamangale ukuthi mancane kangakanani amakhebula kula mashaja.I-conductor ekwazi ukuthwala ama-amps angu-500 ngokuvamile iwugqinsi, futhi lokhu akubukeki kuminyene ngokwanele kulokho.Empeleni akunjalo – kodwa lokho ngamabomu.Lawa makhebuli empeleni apholise uketshezi, anepholisa lephampu elizungeza ubude bekhebula kanye nerediyetha ngaphakathi kwe-dispenser.Lokhu kuvumela ukuthi isebenzise amakhondatha amancane ukuze iphathe i-current, okwenza ikhebuli iphatheke kalula.

Ngingathi kunzima kakhulu kunokuphatha umbhobho wepompo yegesi kanye nepayipi layo, kodwa lokho ikakhulukazi kuvela ekuqineni kwekhebula.Isisindo sangempela siyaqhathaniswa, futhi ngingaxhuma kalula ngesandla esisodwa.Ukupholisa uketshezi kuza ngezindleko zokushaja okuncane, noma kunjalo, njengoba amandla athile alahleka njengokushisa kukhebula.Kodwa ikhebula elifanayo ngaphandle kokupholisa okusebenzayo lingaphatha ama-amps angu-200 kuphela, ngakho-ke ngingasho ukuthi kuwukuhweba okufanelekile.O, futhi leso ngesinye isizathu esenza ukuthi ama-voltage aphezulu ephakethe abe yikusasa.Ama-amps angu-200 ku-750 volts angu-150 kW – futhi lokho kuseyizinga lokushaja elishesha kakhulu.

Kodwa iphakethe le-400V uma lilinganiselwe kuma-amps angu-200 lizobona kuphela ama-kilowatts angu-80 okungcono kakhulu.I-voltage yephakethe ephansi izohlale idinga amandla amanje kakhulu ukuletha amandla afanayo, futhi yize kungekho lutho olungalungile ngalokho, kuwumkhawulo futhi kungesinye sezizathu eziyinhloko abakhiqizi abaningi bebheka i-800V - noma i-900V - ibhethri. izakhiwo.Manje ngicabanga ukuthi sekuyisikhathi esihle sokukhuluma nendlovu ekamelweni.Kuze kube manje, bengikhuluma ngokukhethekile ngamashaja e-CCS.Ngikwenze ngamabomu lokho ngoba, uyabona, i-CCS iyisixhumi esimisiwe sokushaja okusheshayo se-DC, futhi wonke umenzi wezimoto othengisa izimoto emakethe yase-US kungenzeka ukuthi usevele uyayisebenzisa noma, endabeni ye-Nissan, uthembise ukuyisebenzisela ukuqhubeka. phambili.

Isiteshi sokushaja esisheshayo se-DC ngeI-Liquid Cooling HPC CCS Type 2 Plugfuthi Ikhebuli isekela i-600A yamanje futhi ingashaja ngokugcwele i-EV ngemizuzu eyi-10!

Iyini inethiwekhi yeTesla Supercharger?

Kungenzeka ukuthi ujwayelene nama-Supercharger kaTesla.U-Tesla ubiza inethiwekhi yabo yokushaja okusheshayo ye-DC ngokuthi inethiwekhi ye-Supercharger, futhi ubuchwepheshe bufana ngokuyisisekelo ne-CCS.Eqinisweni ezimakethe eziningi I-CCS - nje ngomkhiqizo wabo ohlakaniphile.Kodwa-ke, lapha emakethe yaseNyakatho Melika, uTesla wanquma ukwenza isixhumi sabo sezimoto zabo abazisebenzisayo kuze kube namuhla.Manje, kufanele nginitshele (ngoba ukube angizange bengingeke ngizwe isiphetho sakho) ukuthi baqale bakwenza lokhu ngesizathu esihle.

Lapho bekhipha i-Model S ngo-2012, izinga le-CCS lalingakaqedwa.Babengafuni ukulinda kuze kwenzeke lokho, base benza okwabo izinga.Futhi ngenxa yalokho, babehlakaniphe kakhulu ngomklamo.Isixhumi sokuphathelene sikaTesla asisebenzisi izikhonkwane ezihlukene zokushaja kwe-DC ne-AC.Kunalokho, isebenzisa izikhonkwane ezimbili ezinkulu kakhulu ezisebenzela izinhloso zombili.Uma i-AC ishaja lawa Ulayini 1 no-2, futhi uphakele ishaja yemoto egibele.Kodwa, lapho I-Supercharging, ixhuma ngqo kuphakethe lebhethri futhi ishaja engaphandle kwebhodi inakekela izinto.Manje ngizovuma ngokukhululekile ukuthi isixhumi se-Tesla sinhle kakhulu kunale nto ye-stormtrooper.

Nokho, i-ecosystem evaliwe inezindleko.Kukhona ezinye izinzuzo ezinkulu, futhi - ngokungangabazeki kungani kuseselokhu kunganjalo.Kepha nginokukhathazeka okukhulu ngokuqhubeka kukaTesla nokusebenzisa isixhumi sabo sokuphathelene.KULUNGILE, kuzomele ngingenelele ngezindaba ezithile.Ngempela ngosuku olungemva kokuba ngidubule le bhulogi, ngoba vele inhlanhla yami izohamba kanjalo, u-Elon Musk ukuqinisekisile ukuthi uTesla uhlela ukuqala ukufaka izintambo ze-CCS kuma-Supercharger abo lapha e-US futhi bazovula inethiwekhi yabo ukuze bakhonze ezinye izimoto.Lokhu kuhle ngempela ukuzwa, futhi yize singenakho imininingwane eqondile okwamanje yokuthi lokhu kuzohamba kanjani noma ukuthi kuzokwenzeka nini (futhi uma kubhekwa irekhodi likaTesla lezithembiso nezikhathi zesikhathi, nakanjani ngigcina ukwahlulela okwamanje), kuyamjabulisa ukubona uTesla ehlonipha ukuzibophezela kwabo ekusheshiseni ukufakwa kukagesi hhayi nje ukudayiswa kwezimoto zabo.Nginqume ukushiya esigabeni esicasukile osuzosibona ngoba, yize kuhle ukuthi uTesla wenza imizamo yokusiza amanye ama-EV (futhi ngisho ngokungananazi ukuthi kungani bengeke, inethiwekhi yabo ye-supercharger iyisikhungo semali engenayo. kubo, nakuba nginokubhukha okukhulu mayelana nesandulela esisethayo) basazakhela izimoto zabo ngesixhumi sabo sobunikazi.Nginesiqiniseko sokuthi bazogcina beyiyekile kodwa baze bayiyeke bazifaka obishini bona nabashayeli babo.

Ngokungamukeli i-CCS ngokwemvelo, okwakungenzeka ukuthi bayenze ingxenye yeshumi leminyaka edlule futhi benza ukushintsha kube nzima ngokuqhubeka nokungakwenzi, uTesla uzibeka esimweni sokuba yedwa umhlinzeki wekhasimende (noma okungenani oyinhloko). amafutha ohambo olude e-US.Futhi lokho kuyisibonelo esibi.Futhi kubi kuwo womabili amaqembu!Endabeni yabashayeli bakwaTesla, okungenani babonwa kancane kuTesla lapho befuna ukuhamba amabanga amade (noma badinga nje ukukhuphuka okusheshayo edolobheni).I-adaptha ye-CCS isendleleni, kodwa akuzona zonke izimoto zakwaTesla ezikwazi ukuyisekela ngaphandle kokuthuthukiswa kwehadiwe.Abaningi bangakwazi, kodwa noma kunjalo wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi impilo ye-dongle ayimnandi.Futhi uTesla manje usephoqelekile ukuthi aqhubeke nokwandisa inethiwekhi yeSupercharger bebodwa njengoba bethengisa izimoto eziningi.Banamathele ekuhlinzekeni kuphela i-Teslas ngaphandle uma beqala ukufaka izixhumi ze-CCS kumashaja abo futhi bavule inethiwekhi yabo.Abalokhu besho ukuthi bazokwenza, ngobuqotho.Vele u-Tesla ufanelwe yinqwaba yekhredithi ngokugxumela ukushintshela ekufakeni ugesi, futhi angisoze ngihlehla ngiphikisa lokho.Benze okuningi ukufakazela ukufaneleka kwama-EV, futhi ngokungangabazeki besingeke sibe nezinketho eziningi kangaka esingakhetha kuzo namuhla ukube bekungebona bona.Niyabo?Ngikhuluma izinto ezinhle ngabo.Kepha kuleli qophelo, wonke umenzi wezimoto ongeyena uTesla usayine ezingeni le-CCS.Futhi isizathu sokuthi lokhu kube yiva kimi ukuthi ngihlangana nabantu abaningi abaku-inthanethi abasho izinto ezinjengokuthi “Ngeke ngicabangele i-EV baze bazinze echwebeni lokushaja i-dang” futhi lokhu kuyangicasula kakhulu ngoba banayo!Kodwa, ngaphandle kukaTesla.

Futhi iqiniso lokuthi ama-Supercharger ngawe-Teslas kuphela, lijule ngokwanele ekwazisweni komphakathi kangangokuthi abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi yonke imboni kumele ikopishe leyo modeli.Abanjalo, futhi ngiyabonga ubuhle.Njengoba uTesla ehole, sebewukuphela kwenkampani eyakha izimoto ezidayiswa eNyakatho Melika ngesixhumi okungesona lesi.Ohambweni lwethu sabona izimoto ezivela ezinhlobonhlobo eziningi;I-Ford, i-Chevy, i-Polestar, i-Hyundai, i-BMW, ​​i-Kia, i-Volkswagen, ne-Porsche zonke zixhumeka ngokuqondile kumashaja afanayo ebesiwasebenzisa, cishe sengathi luhlobo oluthile lwezinga noma okuthile!

Inethiwekhi ye-Supercharger yinhle, futhi uma kuziwa ekusebenzisekeni nasekuthembekeni iyona okwamanje okufanele ishaywe.Kodwa uma ngikhuluma iqiniso angiwuthandi umqondo wokuthi abakhiqizi bezimoto babe sebhizinisini lokudayisela amakhasimende abo amafutha, ikakhulukazi uma bedayisela abanikazi bawo.Futhi yingakho ngikhathazeke ngokweqiniso egameni labashayeli bakwaTesla'a.Lokhu akukhona nje ukuthi ngiphatheke kabi ngokungafinyeleli I-Supercharger.Maduze, umncintiswano osuvele ukhona kumanethiwekhi wokushaja wezinkampani zangaphandle uzoshisa kakhulu.Ama-EV aphoqelela ngempela athengiswa cishe yibo bonke abenzi bezimoto kuleli qophelo, futhi lokho kuya ngesivinini ngokushesha.

Mina ngokwami ​​​​ngiyajabula ukuba ne-EV okuthi, nakuba okwamanje kunzima kakhulu ukuhamba emgwaqweni kune-Tesla, ihlinzekwa yi-ChargePoint, EVGo, Electrify America, Shell ReCharge, nokunye ngaphandle kwesidingo sama-adaptha (ingakwazi futhi ukushaja ngokushesha kunanoma iyiphi i-Tesla kodwa ngeke ngiyihlikihle kakhulu).Kuwo wonke umuntu ocabanga ukuthi abakhiqizi bezimoto kufanele bakopishe uTesla futhi bazakhele awabo amanethiwekhi okushaja, ngingakucela ukuthi ucabangele ukuthi ikusasa lingase libe njani lapho iFord ivunyelwe ukudayisela amaFord Brand Electrons kuphela kwaFord.Ngeshwa kuzwakala sengathi u-Rivian angase aqonde kuleyo ndlela nge-Adventure Network yakhe.

Noma kunjalo, nge-Tesla angst yami iphuma endleleni, nakhu esisele nakho;Sinobuchwepheshe bokuletha amandla angu-350 kW ngqo kwibhethri yemoto.Phambilini ngithe lokho kuzokwenza ukuthi ukuhamba kwamahora angu-18 kwenzeke ngehora lokushaja.Nansi indlela.Kuthathe i-Ioniq yami 5 328 kilowatt-amahora wamandla ukwenza lolo hambo.Futhi… lokho kungaphansi kuka-350, ngakho-ke ukube ibinebhethri engathatha wonke lawo mandla (okuthi, awanawo kodwa sidlala ngethiyori manje okungelona iqiniso) bekungeke kudingeke ihora impela lokushaja. sezizonke.Emotweni ezayo okungenzeka emizuzwini emine eyi-15 iyama, noma mhlawumbe ima imizuzu eyisithupha eyi-10 uma kungaphezulu kwesikhwama sakho.Futhi, i-Ioniq 5 ayiyona i-cruiser enguthelawayeka esebenza kahle kakhulu, ngakho into efana ne-Tesla Model 3 ingase ikwazi ukwehlisa isikhathi sokushaja sehle sibe yimizuzu engama-45 kuphela, uma ubuchwepheshe bebhethri bufinyelela phezulu.

Manje, besingakanani isikhathi sokushaja somhlaba wangempela ngemoto yami yomhlaba wangempela ezimeni zomhlaba wangempela zomhlaba wangempela?Kusondele ngokumangalisayo, empeleni.Ukube besinamathele kulokho okuphakanyiswe umhleli womzila wethu, okubandakanya ukumisa ukushaja ngamaphesenti aphakanyisiwe ukuze sifinyelele ishaja elandelayo kusale cishe u-10% wezindleko, ngabe sichithe ihora elingu-1 nemizuzu engama-52 kuphela sishaja ekushajelweni okuyisithupha okuhlukile. iyama.Imizuzu nje engama-52 ngaphezulu kwesivinini sokushaja esinokwenzeka esingcono kakhulu akukubi.Manje, siye sahlala eduze kwamashaja isikhashana eside kunalokho ebesikusikisela ngoba besibhekene nesivunguvungu esibi lapho siqala ukuphuma - futhi kabi ngiqonde njengesivunguvungu esinamandla esingamamayela angu-15 kuya kwangu-20 ngehora.Ngakho empeleni sichithe amahora angu-2 nemizuzu engu-20 sishaja.

Kwakungokokuqala ngqa ukushayela imoto ibanga elide, futhi ngangifuna isibhafa uma kwenzeka.Nokho, kuvele ukuthi umhleli womzila ubesadla ngoludala njengoba nakulezo zimo, ukulahleka kwezindleko okwakubikezelwe phakathi kwezitobhi kwabonakala.

Ngakho-ke, ukube sibambelele ohlelweni lwayo, ngabe silungile.Futhi njengoba siqhubekela eningizimu umoya ovunguzayo waqala ukuncipha, ngakho-ke saqala ukufika ezitobhini ezilandelayo ngebhafa eyandayo phezu kwebanga lokufika elibikezelwe.Okungukuthi, empeleni, bekuzosifinyeza isikhathi sokushaja kancane njengoba lezo zikhathi zokushaja kamuva zonke ziqale esimweni sokushaja esingaphezu kokubikezelwe, ukushefa imizuzu embalwa esitobhini ngasinye.Ah, leso sigaba sokugcina sikwenza kuzwakale sengathi ukuzama ukuhamba i-EV kuthatha ukuhlela okuningi, akunjalo?Awu, uhlobo.Kodwa hhayi kakhulu, ngempela.Kunezinhlelo zokusebenza ezinhle kakhulu namawebhusayithi azokusiza ukuphatha lokhu, njenge-A Better Routeplanner, futhi izimoto ezimbalwa zilingisa uhlelo lwe-Tesla lokuzulazula-ngokushaja-izitobhi kodwa zizungeze amanethiwekhi ezinkampani zangaphandle atholakalayo.Nokho, njengoba isikhathi siqhubeka, ngokuqinisekile kuzoba namashaja amaningi ezindaweni eziningi, futhi ngethemba ukuthi lonke leli bhizinisi lokuhlela umzila lizophelelwa yisikhathi.

Kuseyizinsuku zakuqala zama-EV futhi akuwona awo wonke umuntu, kodwa ngithemba ukuthi uyabona ukuthi ubuchwepheshe bokubenza basebenze bukhona, buqinile, futhi bushesha.Futhi ngifuna ukusho ukuthi, njengoba ngenze lolu hambo lomgwaqo izikhathi ezimbalwa ngaphambili, ukuphoqwa kwekhefu lemizuzu eyi-15 kuye kwengama-20 njalo emahoreni amabili noma amathathu kwakumnandi, futhi lokhu kuzwakala njengohambo olushesha kakhulu lokuya eFlorida engake ngalwenza.Kuzo zombili izinkomba.O, futhi nakhu ukubuka kuqala kwebhulogi elandelayo, uma ukhathazekile ngokuthi lawa mashaja amakhulu asheshayo azokwenzenjani kugridi yamandla – kuhle, ungakhathazeki.Yebo, ngisho nezimoto ezine nje ezidonsa u-350 kW zizwakala njenge-gargantuan feat kodwa lokho kungu-1.4 megawatts kuphela.Kodwa sekuvele kunezinkulungwane ezimbalwa zalezi zinto endaweni yangakithi ukuze… zingashaja izimoto eziyi-10,000 ngesikhathi esisodwa, zonke kulawa mashaja ashesha kakhulu (okungenani uma kuheleza umoya).Empeleni 18,000 uma iWikipedia isesikhathini samanje.Futhi bengingeke ukwazi, lapha e-Illinois sinama-gigawatts angu-11.8 omthamo we-nuclear ohlezi nje enza i-fission nokunye.Mangaki kulawa mashaja lawo angasekela kanyekanye?33,831, kanti ngokomongo othile i-Illinois ineziteshi zikaphethiloli ezingaba yizinkulungwane ezi-4 kuphela ezisebenzela izwe lonke.

Ngakho-ke, igalaji likaphethiloli elikhona manje lingaba namashaja asheshayo angu-8 sisebenzisa kuphela amandla emishini yethu eyisithupha yamandla enuzi - futhi uma sesihlungiwe ukushaja kwasekhaya, ngeke siwadinge cishe amashaja asheshayo amaningi kangako.Yebo, igridi izodinga ukukhula futhi ishintshe ukuze isekele inqwaba yama-EV, kodwa ayesabi kakhulu kunalokho ezwakalayo.Abantu abahlakaniphe kakhulu kunami benze izibalo ezingcono kakhulu, futhi abakhathazekile kangako.Futhi, ngihlale ngithanda ukuveza ukuthi igridi isuke ekubeni kungekho muntu one-air conditioning yaya cishe wonke umuntu one-air conditioning emashumini ambalwa eminyaka amafushane, nokho ikwazile lokho kahle.Singabantu.Futhi lapho sifuna izinto zenzeke, sihlala sithola indlela.Sinezinselelo ezithile ngaphambili, ngokuqinisekile, kodwa nginesiqiniseko sokuthi sikutholile lokhu.