Ishaja kanjani i-DC nomaUkushaja okusheshayo kwe-DCngezimoto zikagesi?Kule bhulogi sizofunda ngezinto ezintathu: Okokuqala, yiziphi izingxenye ezibalulekile zeshaja ye-DC.Okwesibili, yiziphi izinhlobo zezixhumi ezisetshenziselwa ukushaja kwe-DC futhi okwesithathu yimiphi imikhawulo yokushaja okusheshayo kwe-DC.
Yiziphi izingxenye ezibalulekile zokushaja kwe-DC?
Okokuqala ake sibheke ukuthi yiziphi izingxenye ezibalulekile zeshaja ye-DC.Amashaja asheshayo e-DCngokuvamile asebenza ezingeni lamandla okushaja amathathu futhi aklanyelwe ukushaja amavekhtha kagesi ngokushesha, ophumayo kagesi osukela phakathi kwama-kilowatts angu-50 kuya ku-350 kilowatts, ngokusebenza kwamandla aphezulu i-ac kuya ku-DC converter.Isiguquli se-DC siye ku-DC kanye namasekhethi okulawula amandla aba makhudlwana futhi abize kakhulu, yingakho ishaja esheshayo ye-DC isetshenziswa njengawo wonke amashaja aphoqelelwe esikhundleni samashaja athengwe wona.Ukuze kungathathi isikhala ngaphakathi kwemoto futhi ishaja esheshayo ingabiwa ngabasebenzisi abaningi.
Manje ake sihlaziye ukugeleza kwamandla kokushaja kwe-DC ukusuka kushaja ye-DC kuya ebhethrini lemoto kagesi.Esinyathelweni sokuqala, amandla ashintshayo wamanje noma we-ac anikezwa igridi ye-ac aqale aguqulelwe abe amanje aqondile nomaAmandla e-DCusebenzisa isilungisisi esingaphakathi kwesiteshi sokushaja se-DC.Bese iyunithi yokulawula amandla ilungisa ngokufanelekile i-voltage kanye ne-current ye-converter ye-DC ukuze ilawule amandla ahlukahlukene e-DC alethwa ukushaja ibhethri.
Kunama-interlock okuphepha namasekhethi okuvikela asetshenziselwa ukukhipha amandla isixhumi se-AV nokumisa inqubo yokushaja.Noma kunini lapho kunesimo esinephutha noma ukuxhumana okungalungile phakathi kwe-ev neshaja isistimu yokuphatha ibhethri noma i-bms idlala indima ebalulekile yokuxhumana phakathi kwesiteshi sokushaja nokulawula amandla kagesi kanye nokulethwa kwamanje ebhethrini nokusebenzisa isekethe yokuvikela isimo esingaphephile.Isibonelo, inethiwekhi yendawo yokulawula maduzane ibhekisela kuskeni noma ukuxhumana kwentambo yamandla kafushane okubhekisela kukho njenge-plc esetshenziselwa ukuxhumana phakathi kwe-ev neshaja njengoba usunombono oyisisekelo wokuthi ishaja ye-DC imiswa kanjani.Bese sibheka izinhlobo eziyinhloko zezixhumi zeshaja ye-DC kunezinhlobo ezinhlanu zezixhumi zokushaja ze-DC ezisetshenziswa emhlabeni jikelele.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zezixhumi ezisetshenziselwa ukushaja kwe-DC?
Okokuqala i-ccs noma isistimu yokushaja ehlanganisiwe ebizwa ngokuthi i-combo one connector esetshenziswa kakhulu e-us Eyesibili isixhumi se-ccs combo 2 esisetshenziswa kakhulu e-europe.Esesithathu yisixhumi sedemo ye-asha esisetshenziswa emhlabeni wonke ezimotweni ezakhiwe abakhiqizi base-japan ngokuyinhloko yesine yesixhumi se-ds tesla DC esisetshenziselwa ukushajwa kwe-ac futhi ekugcineni i-china inesixhumi se-DC esisekelwe ezingeni lase-chinese le-gbt.
Manje ake sibheke lezi zixhumi ngayinye ngayinye isistimu yokushaja ehlanganisiwe noma izixhumi ze-ccs nazo zibhekisela kuzo njengezixhumi ezihlanganisiwe ze-combo r kokubili ukushaja kwe-ac ne-DC okususelwa kuhlobo loku-1 nezixhumi zohlobo 2 zokushaja ngokufaka izikhonkwane ezimbili ezengeziwe kokuthi phansi ukushaja okuphezulu kwamanje kwe-DC.Izixhumi ezithathwe ohlotsheni 1 nohlobo 2 ngokulandelana zibizwa ngokuthi i-combo 1 ne-combo 2.
Ake siqale sibheke isixhumi se-ccs combo 1 kulesi silayidi, imoto ye-combo 1 exhunyiwe iboniswa ohlangothini lwesobunxele futhi i-inlet yemoto iboniswe ngakwesokudla, isixhumi semoto ye-combo 1 sithathwe ku-ac hlobo 1 isixhumi. futhi igcina iphinikhodi yomhlaba kanye nezikhonkwane zesignali ezingu-2 okungukuthi umshayeli wokulawula kanye nomshayeli wendiza oseduze ngaphezu kwamaphini kagesi e-DC ayengezwa ukuze ashaje ngokushesha ngaphansi kwesixhumi.
Ekungeneni kwemoto ukucushwa kwephinikhodi ingxenye engaphezulu efana nesixhumi sohlobo 1 lwe-ac sokushaja i-ac kuyilapho amaphinikhodi angu-2 aphansi asetshenziselwa ukushaja kwe-DC ngokufanayo.Izixhumi ezimbili ze-ccs combo zithathwe ohlotsheni lwezixhumi ezimbili ze-ac futhi zigcina iphinikhodi yomhlaba kanye nezikhonkwane ezimbili zesignali okungukuthi umshayeli wokulawula kumshayeli oseduze nezikhonkwane zamandla ze-DC zengezwe ngaphansi kwesixhumi sokushaja kwe-DC enamandla amakhulu ngokufanayo. .
Emotweni ekulolo hlangothi ingxenye engenhla isiza ukushaja kwe-ac ukusuka ku-ac wezigaba ezintathu nangaphansi.Une-DC eshajayo ngokungafani nohlobo loku-1 nezixhumi zohlobo 2 ezisebenzisa kuphela ukushintshashintsha kobubanzi be-pulse noma isignali ye-pwm kumshayeli wokulawula ukuxhumana kwentambo yamandla ye-plc kusetshenziswa kokubili kumashaja we-combo 1 kanye ne-combo 2 futhi lokhu kukhiqizwa esilawulweni. .
Ukuxhumana kwentambo yamandla okushayela indiza kuwubuchwepheshe obuthwala idatha yokuxhumana kwezintambo zikagesi ezikhona ezisetshenziselwa ukudlulisa ngesikhathi esisodwa kokubili isignali nokudluliswa kwamandla amashaja e-ccs combo angaletha kufika ku-350 amps ngevoltheji ephakathi kuka-200 kuya ku-1000 volts.Ukunikeza amandla aphezulu okukhipha angu-350 kilowatts kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi lawa manani abuyekezwa ngokuqhubekayo ngezindinganiso zokushaja ukuze ahlangabezane nezidingo zamandla kagesi namandla ezimoto ezintsha zikagesi.Uhlobo lweshaja lwesithathu lwe-DC isixhumi sethunzi okuwuhlobo lwe-4 eb isixhumi esinamaphini anamandla amathathu namaphinikhodi ayisithupha alo msebenzi.I- shidae moe isebenzisa inethiwekhi yendawo yokulawula noma iphrothokholi ye-kin kumaphini okuxhumana ukuze zokuxhumana.
Phakathi kweshaja nemoto indawo yokulawula ukuxhumana kwenethiwekhi iyindinganiso yokuxhumana yemoto eqinile enquma ukuvumela izilawuli ezincane namadivayisi ukuthi axhumane ngesikhathi sangempela.Ngaphandle kwekhompiyutha ephethe njengamanje, amazinga kagesi kanye namandla amanje kanye namandla e-shada moe asukela ku-50 kuya ku-400 volts ane-current kuze kufike kuma-amps angu-400 ngaleyo ndlela anikeze, amandla aphezulu afika ku-kilowatts angu-200 wokushaja esikhathini esizayo.
Kulindeleke ukuthi ukushaja kwe-eb kufika ku-1,000 volts nama-kilowatts angu-400 kuzoqhutshwa idemo manje.Ake siqhubekele kuzixhumi zeshaja ye-tesla, inethiwekhi ye-tesla supercharger e-United States isebenzisa esazo isixhumi seshaja efanele kuyilapho okuhlukile kwase-europe kusebenzisa isixhumi sohlobo 2 lwe-minoccurs kodwa enokushajwa kwe-DC eyakhelwe ngaphakathi isici esiyingqayizivele sesixhumi se-tesla njengesixhumi esifanayo. ingasetshenziselwa kokubili ukushaja kwe-ac kanye ne-DC yokushaja i-tesla manje.Inikeza i-DC eshaja afinyelela ku-120 kilowatts futhi lokhu kulindeleke ukuthi kunyuke ngokuzayo.
Yimiphi imikhawulo yokushaja okusheshayo kwe-DC?
Ekugcineni, i-china inezinga elisha lokushaja le-DC nesixhumi esisebenzisa inethiwekhi yendawo yokulawula ibhasi.Ibhasi lingena ukuze lixhumane linezikhonkwane zamandla ezinhlanu ezimbili zamandla e-DC kanye namabili okudluliswa kwamandla asizayo ane-voltage ephansi kanye nelilodwa eliphansi futhi linamaphini amasignali amane amabili omshayeli oseduze kanye namabili okuxhumana kwenethiwekhi yendawo yokulawula.Kusukela manje i-voltage yegama esetshenziselwa lesi sixhumi noma ama-volts angu-750 noma ama-volts angu-1000 kanye namanje afika ku-250 amps asekelwa yile shaja.Iyakwazi ukubona ukushaja okusheshayo kuyathandeka ngenxa yamandla aphezulu wokushaja afinyelela ku-300 noma 400 kilowatts.
Lokhu kubangela izikhathi zokushaja ezifushane kakhulu kodwa amandla okushaja okusheshayo awakwazi ukunyuswa ngokungenamkhawulo, lokhu kungenxa yemikhawulo emithathu yobuchwepheshe yokushaja okusheshayo.Manje ake sibheke le mikhawulo kuqala kukho konke ukushaja okuphezulu kwamanje kuholela ekulahlekeni okuphezulu kukonke kokubili eshaja nasebhethrini.
Isibonelo, uma ukumelana kwangaphakathi kwebhethri kungu-r futhi ukulahlekelwa kwebhethri kungavezwa kalula kusetshenziswa ifomula ethi i-squared r lapho ngingumshini wokushaja khona-ke uzobona ukuthi ukulahlekelwa kukhuphuke ngesici izikhathi ezine.Noma kunini, i-current iphindwe kabili okwesibili ukukhawulelwa kwesibili okuvela ebhethrini uma kuqala ukushaja ibhethri.Isimo sokushajwa kwebhethri singafinyelela kuphela esimweni sokushajwa esingu-70 kuya ku-80% lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukushaja okusheshayo kudala ukuleleka phakathi kwe-voltage nesimo sokushajwa.
Le nto iyanda ebhethri ishajwa ngokushesha ngakho.Ukushaja kokuqala kuvamise ukwenziwa endaweni eqhubekayo yamanje noma i-cc yokushajwa kwebhethri futhi ngemva kwalokho.Amandla okushaja ancipha kancane kancane endaweni yokushajwa kagesi engaguquki noma i-cv ngaphezu kwalokho izinga lokushaja kwamabhethri noma izinga lokushaja liyakhuphuka ngokushaja okusheshayo futhi lokhu kuholela ekuncipheni kwesikhathi sokuphila kwebhethri.
Umkhawulo wesithathu uvela kukhebuli yokushaja yanoma iyiphi ishaja ye-evie kubalulekile ukuthi ikhebula liguquguquke futhi lingasindi.Ngakho abantu bangakwazi ukuthwala ikhebula futhi bayixhume emotweni enamandla amakhulu okushaja adingekayo ukuze kuvumeleke amandla okushaja engeziwe, uma kungenjalo izofudumala.Ngenxa yokulahlekelwa amasistimu wokushaja okusheshayo e-DC namuhla angakwazi kakade ukudlulisa ukushaja kwemisinga ukuya ku-250 amperes ngaphandle kokupholisa.
Kodwa-ke, esikhathini esizayo lapho ama-currents angaba ngu-250 amp ere's izintambo zokushaja zizoba nzima kakhulu futhi zingakwazi ukuguquguquka ukuze zisetshenziswe.Isixazululo kuzoba ukusebenzisa izintambo ezincanyana kulowo wamanje onikeziwe onezinhlelo zokupholisa ezakhelwe ngaphakathi nezishisayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izintambo azishisi.Yebo, kuyinkimbinkimbi futhi kubiza kakhulu kunokusebenzisa ikhebula ngaphandle kokupholisa, ngakho-ke ukuze sisonge le bhulogi kule bhulogi sibone izingxenye ezibalulekile ze-DC noma ishaja yamanje eqondile ngokuqhubekayo sibheke izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinhlobo zezixhumi ze-DC.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-05-2024
